{"id":1075,"date":"2024-08-16T13:54:15","date_gmt":"2024-08-16T13:54:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.microplanet.at\/?page_id=1075"},"modified":"2025-06-16T11:19:37","modified_gmt":"2025-06-16T10:19:37","slug":"preprints","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.microplanet.at\/index.php\/preprints\/","title":{"rendered":"Preprints"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<section class=\"wp-block-group hero-with-heading is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><h2 class=\"hero-with-heading-title wp-block-post-title\">Preprints<\/h2><\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group container container-moved-top is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<section class=\"wp-block-group layout-section-container bg-custom-white-100 is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading tp_h3 h3 text-custom-blue-200\" style=\"padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Preprints of key researchers of our CoE &#8211; since 2024<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"teachpress_pub_list\"><form name=\"tppublistform\" method=\"get\"><a name=\"tppubs\" id=\"tppubs\"><\/a><\/form><div class=\"teachpress_publication_list\"><div class=\"tp_publication tp_publication_unpublished\"><div class=\"tp_pub_info\"><p class=\"tp_pub_author\"> Chen, Song-Can;  Tanabe, Tomohisa;  Sun, Chengliang;  Yan, Jing-Ling;  Ren, Xin-Yue;  Loy, Alexander<\/p><p class=\"tp_pub_title\"><a class=\"tp_title_link\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2618','tp_links')\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">Global evolutionary pattern and distinct metabolic strategies of sulfur-cycling microorganisms across ecosystems<\/a> <span class=\"tp_pub_type tp_  unpublished\">Unpublished<\/span> <\/p><p class=\"tp_pub_additional\"><span class=\"tp_pub_additional_howpublished\">Research Square, <\/span><span class=\"tp_pub_additional_year\">2026<\/span>.<\/p><p class=\"tp_pub_menu\"><span class=\"tp_abstract_link\"><a id=\"tp_abstract_sh_2618\" class=\"tp_show\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2618','tp_abstract')\" title=\"Show abstract\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">Abstract<\/a><\/span> | <span class=\"tp_resource_link\"><a id=\"tp_links_sh_2618\" class=\"tp_show\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2618','tp_links')\" title=\"Show links and resources\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">Links<\/a><\/span> | <span class=\"tp_bibtex_link\"><a id=\"tp_bibtex_sh_2618\" class=\"tp_show\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2618','tp_bibtex')\" title=\"Show BibTeX entry\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">BibTeX<\/a><\/span><\/p><div class=\"tp_bibtex\" id=\"tp_bibtex_2618\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"tp_bibtex_entry\"><pre>@unpublished{Chen2026b,<br \/>\r\ntitle = {Global evolutionary pattern and distinct metabolic strategies of sulfur-cycling microorganisms across ecosystems},<br \/>\r\nauthor = {Song-Can Chen and Tomohisa Tanabe and Chengliang Sun and Jing-Ling Yan and Xin-Yue Ren and Alexander Loy},<br \/>\r\nurl = {https:\/\/www.researchsquare.com\/article\/rs-10339560\/v1},<br \/>\r\ndoi = {10.21203\/rs.3.rs-10339560\/v1},<br \/>\r\nyear  = {2026},<br \/>\r\ndate = {2026-07-16},<br \/>\r\nurldate = {2026-07-16},<br \/>\r\npublisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},<br \/>\r\nabstract = {&lt;title&gt;Abstract&lt;\/title&gt;<br \/>\r\n                &lt;p&gt;Microorganisms drive the global sulfur cycle, but the complexity of sulfur redox transformations complicates understanding of their evolution, metabolism, and ecology. We developed DiSuCy, a manually curated, phylogeny-aware knowledgebase of 116 dissimilatory sulfur metabolism genes to identify sulfur-cycling microorganisms in (meta)genomes\/transcriptomes. Key sulfur metabolism genes showed varying evolutionary conservation and intermediate horizontal transfer rates, enabling taxonomically scaled predictions of sulfur metabolisms. Co-occurrence of sulfur metabolisms with other biochemical pathways was shaped by redox thermodynamics, defining metabolic niches and ecosystem specificity of sulfur-cycling microorganisms. We predicted previously unrecognized sulfur-cycling members across underexplored bacterial phyla, thiotrophs respiring nitrate\/arsenate or utilizing light, and ocean and human gut microbiomes. Some non-canonical sulfur taxa abundantly transcribed pathways for methanethiol oxidation in the global ocean or reduced sulfur compound oxidation in the gut. These findings expand the toolkit for studying sulfur-cycling microorganisms and provide new insights into their evolutionary dynamics and ecology.&lt;\/p&gt;},<br \/>\r\nhowpublished = {Research Square},<br \/>\r\nkeywords = {},<br \/>\r\npubstate = {published},<br \/>\r\ntppubtype = {unpublished}<br \/>\r\n}<br \/>\r\n<\/pre><\/div><p class=\"tp_close_menu\"><a class=\"tp_close\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2618','tp_bibtex')\">Close<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tp_abstract\" id=\"tp_abstract_2618\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"tp_abstract_entry\">&lt;title&gt;Abstract&lt;\/title&gt;<br \/>\r\n                &lt;p&gt;Microorganisms drive the global sulfur cycle, but the complexity of sulfur redox transformations complicates understanding of their evolution, metabolism, and ecology. We developed DiSuCy, a manually curated, phylogeny-aware knowledgebase of 116 dissimilatory sulfur metabolism genes to identify sulfur-cycling microorganisms in (meta)genomes\/transcriptomes. Key sulfur metabolism genes showed varying evolutionary conservation and intermediate horizontal transfer rates, enabling taxonomically scaled predictions of sulfur metabolisms. Co-occurrence of sulfur metabolisms with other biochemical pathways was shaped by redox thermodynamics, defining metabolic niches and ecosystem specificity of sulfur-cycling microorganisms. We predicted previously unrecognized sulfur-cycling members across underexplored bacterial phyla, thiotrophs respiring nitrate\/arsenate or utilizing light, and ocean and human gut microbiomes. Some non-canonical sulfur taxa abundantly transcribed pathways for methanethiol oxidation in the global ocean or reduced sulfur compound oxidation in the gut. These findings expand the toolkit for studying sulfur-cycling microorganisms and provide new insights into their evolutionary dynamics and ecology.&lt;\/p&gt;<\/div><p class=\"tp_close_menu\"><a class=\"tp_close\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2618','tp_abstract')\">Close<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tp_links\" id=\"tp_links_2618\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"tp_links_entry\"><ul class=\"tp_pub_list\"><li><i class=\"fas fa-globe\"><\/i><a class=\"tp_pub_list\" href=\"https:\/\/www.researchsquare.com\/article\/rs-10339560\/v1\" title=\"https:\/\/www.researchsquare.com\/article\/rs-10339560\/v1\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.researchsquare.com\/article\/rs-10339560\/v1<\/a><\/li><li><i class=\"ai ai-doi\"><\/i><a class=\"tp_pub_list\" href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.21203\/rs.3.rs-10339560\/v1\" title=\"Follow DOI:10.21203\/rs.3.rs-10339560\/v1\" target=\"_blank\">doi:10.21203\/rs.3.rs-10339560\/v1<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><p class=\"tp_close_menu\"><a class=\"tp_close\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2618','tp_links')\">Close<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"tp_publication tp_publication_unpublished\"><div class=\"tp_pub_info\"><p class=\"tp_pub_author\"> Cola\u00e7o, Henrique G.;  Gundacker, Anna;  Burrett, Aubrey;  Grozev, Christian;  Hofmann, Anna;  S\u00e9neca, Joana;  Endler, Lukas;  Wong, Joel;  Sanchez, Juan;  Baumgartner, Maximilian;  Fell, Christopher W.;  Lercher, Alexander;  Siller, Magdalena;  Keszei, Zsofia;  Viczenczova, Csilla;  Richter, Felix C.;  Law, Yee Kwan;  Antonio-Herrera, Laura;  Dearlove, Bethany;  Balcar, Lorenz;  Kramer, Georg;  Reiberger, Thomas;  Pjevac, Petra;  Campbell, Clarissa;  Pollak, Daniela D.;  Bergthaler, Andreas<\/p><p class=\"tp_pub_title\"><a class=\"tp_title_link\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2616','tp_links')\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">Gut-derived ammonia modulates hypothalamic stress responses during viral infection<\/a> <span class=\"tp_pub_type tp_  unpublished\">Unpublished<\/span> <\/p><p class=\"tp_pub_additional\"><span class=\"tp_pub_additional_howpublished\">bioRxiv, <\/span><span class=\"tp_pub_additional_year\">2026<\/span>.<\/p><p class=\"tp_pub_menu\"><span class=\"tp_abstract_link\"><a id=\"tp_abstract_sh_2616\" class=\"tp_show\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2616','tp_abstract')\" title=\"Show abstract\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">Abstract<\/a><\/span> | <span class=\"tp_resource_link\"><a id=\"tp_links_sh_2616\" class=\"tp_show\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2616','tp_links')\" title=\"Show links and resources\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">Links<\/a><\/span> | <span class=\"tp_bibtex_link\"><a id=\"tp_bibtex_sh_2616\" class=\"tp_show\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2616','tp_bibtex')\" title=\"Show BibTeX entry\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">BibTeX<\/a><\/span><\/p><div class=\"tp_bibtex\" id=\"tp_bibtex_2616\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"tp_bibtex_entry\"><pre>@unpublished{Cola\u00e7o2026,<br \/>\r\ntitle = {Gut-derived ammonia modulates hypothalamic stress responses during viral infection},<br \/>\r\nauthor = {Henrique G. Cola\u00e7o and Anna Gundacker and Aubrey Burrett and Christian Grozev and Anna Hofmann and Joana S\u00e9neca and Lukas Endler and Joel Wong and Juan Sanchez and Maximilian Baumgartner and Christopher W. Fell and Alexander Lercher and Magdalena Siller and Zsofia Keszei and Csilla Viczenczova and Felix C. Richter and Yee Kwan Law and Laura Antonio-Herrera and Bethany Dearlove and Lorenz Balcar and Georg Kramer and Thomas Reiberger and Petra Pjevac and Clarissa Campbell and Daniela D. Pollak and Andreas Bergthaler},<br \/>\r\nurl = {http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.64898\/2026.07.06.736796},<br \/>\r\ndoi = {10.64898\/2026.07.06.736796},<br \/>\r\nyear  = {2026},<br \/>\r\ndate = {2026-07-09},<br \/>\r\nurldate = {2026-07-09},<br \/>\r\npublisher = {openRxiv},<br \/>\r\nabstract = {&lt;jats:title&gt;Abstract&lt;\/jats:title&gt;<br \/>\r\n                &lt;jats:p&gt;The gut\u2013brain axis integrates microbial and host metabolism to regulate systemic physiology, yet its role during viral infection remains poorly defined. Viral infection induces behavioral changes and neuroendocrine stress responses accompanied by profound alterations in gut microbial metabolism. Here, we show that chronic viral infection in mice increases systemic levels of microbiota-derived ammonia in a CD8\u207a T cell\u2013dependent manner. Increased ammonia accumulates in the brain and selectively activates neurons within the paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH), driving corticosterone release into the circulation. Pharmacological inhibition of ammonia detoxification exacerbates these effects, leading to increased corticosterone levels, aggravated sickness behavior, and dampened antiviral responses. Together, these findings identify gut-derived ammonia as a previously unrecognized immunometabolic signal linking antiviral T cell responses to hypothalamic control of systemic stress during viral infection.&lt;\/jats:p&gt;<br \/>\r\n                &lt;jats:sec&gt;<br \/>\r\n                  &lt;jats:title&gt;Graphical abstract&lt;\/jats:title&gt;<br \/>\r\n                  &lt;jats:fig id=\"ufig1\" position=\"float\" orientation=\"portrait\" fig-type=\"figure\"&gt;<br \/>\r\n                    &lt;jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"736796v1_ufig1\" position=\"float\" orientation=\"portrait\"\/&gt;<br \/>\r\n                  &lt;\/jats:fig&gt;<br \/>\r\n                &lt;\/jats:sec&gt;},<br \/>\r\nhowpublished = {bioRxiv},<br \/>\r\nkeywords = {},<br \/>\r\npubstate = {published},<br \/>\r\ntppubtype = {unpublished}<br \/>\r\n}<br \/>\r\n<\/pre><\/div><p class=\"tp_close_menu\"><a class=\"tp_close\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2616','tp_bibtex')\">Close<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tp_abstract\" id=\"tp_abstract_2616\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"tp_abstract_entry\">&lt;jats:title&gt;Abstract&lt;\/jats:title&gt;<br \/>\r\n                &lt;jats:p&gt;The gut\u2013brain axis integrates microbial and host metabolism to regulate systemic physiology, yet its role during viral infection remains poorly defined. Viral infection induces behavioral changes and neuroendocrine stress responses accompanied by profound alterations in gut microbial metabolism. Here, we show that chronic viral infection in mice increases systemic levels of microbiota-derived ammonia in a CD8\u207a T cell\u2013dependent manner. Increased ammonia accumulates in the brain and selectively activates neurons within the paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH), driving corticosterone release into the circulation. Pharmacological inhibition of ammonia detoxification exacerbates these effects, leading to increased corticosterone levels, aggravated sickness behavior, and dampened antiviral responses. Together, these findings identify gut-derived ammonia as a previously unrecognized immunometabolic signal linking antiviral T cell responses to hypothalamic control of systemic stress during viral infection.&lt;\/jats:p&gt;<br \/>\r\n                &lt;jats:sec&gt;<br \/>\r\n                  &lt;jats:title&gt;Graphical abstract&lt;\/jats:title&gt;<br \/>\r\n                  &lt;jats:fig id=&quot;ufig1&quot; position=&quot;float&quot; orientation=&quot;portrait&quot; fig-type=&quot;figure&quot;&gt;<br \/>\r\n                    &lt;jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=&quot;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink&quot; xlink:href=&quot;736796v1_ufig1&quot; position=&quot;float&quot; orientation=&quot;portrait&quot;\/&gt;<br \/>\r\n                  &lt;\/jats:fig&gt;<br \/>\r\n                &lt;\/jats:sec&gt;<\/div><p class=\"tp_close_menu\"><a class=\"tp_close\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2616','tp_abstract')\">Close<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tp_links\" id=\"tp_links_2616\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"tp_links_entry\"><ul class=\"tp_pub_list\"><li><i class=\"fas fa-globe\"><\/i><a class=\"tp_pub_list\" href=\"http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.64898\/2026.07.06.736796\" title=\"http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.64898\/2026.07.06.736796\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.64898\/2026.07.06.736796<\/a><\/li><li><i class=\"ai ai-doi\"><\/i><a class=\"tp_pub_list\" href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.64898\/2026.07.06.736796\" title=\"Follow DOI:10.64898\/2026.07.06.736796\" target=\"_blank\">doi:10.64898\/2026.07.06.736796<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><p class=\"tp_close_menu\"><a class=\"tp_close\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2616','tp_links')\">Close<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"tp_publication tp_publication_unpublished\"><div class=\"tp_pub_info\"><p class=\"tp_pub_author\"> Baumgartner, Maximilian;  Schnaufer, Franziska;  Duquesnoy, Maeva;  Asatsuma, Takahiro;  Chakrabarty, Adrija;  Frick, Adrian;  Fuchs, Claudia;  Gerstorfer, Michael;  Hains, Patrik;  K\u00f6cher, Thomas;  Schimmel, Patrick;  Lichtenstein, Mauriz A.;  Leistl, Sofia;  Pinter, Felix;  Krstevska, Elena;  Nyein, Thet Khaing;  H\u00f6genauer, Christoph;  Makristathis, Athanasios;  Gasche, Christoph;  Primas, Christian;  Reinisch, Walter;  Winter, Georg E.;  Trauner, Michael;  G\u00fcnther, Claudia;  Busslinger, Georg;  Gorkiewicz, Gregor;  Chassaing, Benoit;  Campbell, Clarissa<\/p><p class=\"tp_pub_title\"><a class=\"tp_title_link\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2596','tp_links')\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">Host-derived bile acids drive dysbiosis by selecting bile-resistant epimerizing bacteria in inflammatory bowel disease<\/a> <span class=\"tp_pub_type tp_  unpublished\">Unpublished<\/span> <\/p><p class=\"tp_pub_additional\"><span class=\"tp_pub_additional_howpublished\">bioRxiv, <\/span><span class=\"tp_pub_additional_year\">2026<\/span>.<\/p><p class=\"tp_pub_menu\"><span class=\"tp_abstract_link\"><a id=\"tp_abstract_sh_2596\" class=\"tp_show\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2596','tp_abstract')\" title=\"Show abstract\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">Abstract<\/a><\/span> | <span class=\"tp_resource_link\"><a id=\"tp_links_sh_2596\" class=\"tp_show\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2596','tp_links')\" title=\"Show links and resources\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">Links<\/a><\/span> | <span class=\"tp_bibtex_link\"><a id=\"tp_bibtex_sh_2596\" class=\"tp_show\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2596','tp_bibtex')\" title=\"Show BibTeX entry\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">BibTeX<\/a><\/span><\/p><div class=\"tp_bibtex\" id=\"tp_bibtex_2596\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"tp_bibtex_entry\"><pre>@unpublished{Baumgartner2026,<br \/>\r\ntitle = {Host-derived bile acids drive dysbiosis by selecting bile-resistant epimerizing bacteria in inflammatory bowel disease},<br \/>\r\nauthor = {Maximilian Baumgartner and Franziska Schnaufer and Maeva Duquesnoy and Takahiro Asatsuma and Adrija Chakrabarty and Adrian Frick and Claudia Fuchs and Michael Gerstorfer and Patrik Hains and Thomas K\u00f6cher and Patrick Schimmel and Mauriz A. Lichtenstein and Sofia Leistl and Felix Pinter and Elena Krstevska and Thet Khaing Nyein and Christoph H\u00f6genauer and Athanasios Makristathis and Christoph Gasche and Christian Primas and Walter Reinisch and Georg E. Winter and Michael Trauner and Claudia G\u00fcnther and Georg Busslinger and Gregor Gorkiewicz and Benoit Chassaing and Clarissa Campbell},<br \/>\r\nurl = {http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.64898\/2026.06.18.733240},<br \/>\r\ndoi = {10.64898\/2026.06.18.733240},<br \/>\r\nyear  = {2026},<br \/>\r\ndate = {2026-06-19},<br \/>\r\nurldate = {2026-06-19},<br \/>\r\npublisher = {openRxiv},<br \/>\r\nabstract = {&lt;jats:title&gt;Abstract&lt;\/jats:title&gt;<br \/>\r\n                &lt;jats:p&gt;Microbial dysbiosis is a hallmark of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD); however, its drivers and impact on disease pathophysiology are poorly understood. Applying neural network-based feature attribution to metabolomics and metagenomics datasets from &gt;5000 individuals, we identified epimerized host derived bile acids (BAs) produced by microbial hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSDHs) as a novel hallmark of IBD-associated dysbiosis. Epimerized BAs reduce FXR activity in intestinal epithelial cells and dampen their production of FGF19, a negative feedback regulator of host-derived bile acid (HBA) production in the liver. Increased HBA levels drive colonic epithelial remodeling by impacting goblet cell maturation and select for HSDH-carrying bacteria that transform bactericidal HBA into less toxic, epimerized forms. Confirming the translational relevance of these findings, we demonstrated that high HBA levels limit fecal microbiota transplant engraftment and show that BA sequestering drugs support microbiome recovery in patients with high HBA levels. Together, we discover that elevated HBAs deplete BA-sensitive commensals and favor the growth of HSDH-encoding pathobionts that disrupt host BA feedback signaling, establishing a causal link between changes in microbial ecology and IBD pathophysiology.&lt;\/jats:p&gt;},<br \/>\r\nhowpublished = {bioRxiv},<br \/>\r\nkeywords = {},<br \/>\r\npubstate = {published},<br \/>\r\ntppubtype = {unpublished}<br \/>\r\n}<br \/>\r\n<\/pre><\/div><p class=\"tp_close_menu\"><a class=\"tp_close\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2596','tp_bibtex')\">Close<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tp_abstract\" id=\"tp_abstract_2596\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"tp_abstract_entry\">&lt;jats:title&gt;Abstract&lt;\/jats:title&gt;<br \/>\r\n                &lt;jats:p&gt;Microbial dysbiosis is a hallmark of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD); however, its drivers and impact on disease pathophysiology are poorly understood. Applying neural network-based feature attribution to metabolomics and metagenomics datasets from &gt;5000 individuals, we identified epimerized host derived bile acids (BAs) produced by microbial hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSDHs) as a novel hallmark of IBD-associated dysbiosis. Epimerized BAs reduce FXR activity in intestinal epithelial cells and dampen their production of FGF19, a negative feedback regulator of host-derived bile acid (HBA) production in the liver. Increased HBA levels drive colonic epithelial remodeling by impacting goblet cell maturation and select for HSDH-carrying bacteria that transform bactericidal HBA into less toxic, epimerized forms. Confirming the translational relevance of these findings, we demonstrated that high HBA levels limit fecal microbiota transplant engraftment and show that BA sequestering drugs support microbiome recovery in patients with high HBA levels. Together, we discover that elevated HBAs deplete BA-sensitive commensals and favor the growth of HSDH-encoding pathobionts that disrupt host BA feedback signaling, establishing a causal link between changes in microbial ecology and IBD pathophysiology.&lt;\/jats:p&gt;<\/div><p class=\"tp_close_menu\"><a class=\"tp_close\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2596','tp_abstract')\">Close<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tp_links\" id=\"tp_links_2596\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"tp_links_entry\"><ul class=\"tp_pub_list\"><li><i class=\"fas fa-globe\"><\/i><a class=\"tp_pub_list\" href=\"http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.64898\/2026.06.18.733240\" title=\"http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.64898\/2026.06.18.733240\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.64898\/2026.06.18.733240<\/a><\/li><li><i class=\"ai ai-doi\"><\/i><a class=\"tp_pub_list\" href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.64898\/2026.06.18.733240\" title=\"Follow DOI:10.64898\/2026.06.18.733240\" target=\"_blank\">doi:10.64898\/2026.06.18.733240<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><p class=\"tp_close_menu\"><a class=\"tp_close\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2596','tp_links')\">Close<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"tp_publication tp_publication_unpublished\"><div class=\"tp_pub_info\"><p class=\"tp_pub_author\"> Jelusic, Barbara;  Boerno, Stefan;  Schimmel, Patrick;  Wurm, Philipp;  Przysiecki, Nicole;  Watschinger, Christina;  Wolfgruber, Stella;  Hardt, Melina;  Anthofer, Margit;  Ehmann, Sandra;  Klages, Sven;  Zatloukal, Kurt;  Timmermann, Bernd;  Moschen, Alexander;  Gorkiewicz, Gregor<\/p><p class=\"tp_pub_title\"><a class=\"tp_title_link\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2626','tp_links')\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">Reduced SARS-CoV-2 infection levels and pathotype specific altered antiviral transcriptional response in IBD intestinal organoids<\/a> <span class=\"tp_pub_type tp_  unpublished\">Unpublished<\/span> <\/p><p class=\"tp_pub_additional\"><span class=\"tp_pub_additional_howpublished\">Research Square, <\/span><span class=\"tp_pub_additional_year\">2025<\/span>.<\/p><p class=\"tp_pub_menu\"><span class=\"tp_abstract_link\"><a id=\"tp_abstract_sh_2626\" class=\"tp_show\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2626','tp_abstract')\" title=\"Show abstract\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">Abstract<\/a><\/span> | <span class=\"tp_resource_link\"><a id=\"tp_links_sh_2626\" class=\"tp_show\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2626','tp_links')\" title=\"Show links and resources\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">Links<\/a><\/span> | <span class=\"tp_bibtex_link\"><a id=\"tp_bibtex_sh_2626\" class=\"tp_show\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2626','tp_bibtex')\" title=\"Show BibTeX entry\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">BibTeX<\/a><\/span><\/p><div class=\"tp_bibtex\" id=\"tp_bibtex_2626\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"tp_bibtex_entry\"><pre>@unpublished{Jelusic2025b,<br \/>\r\ntitle = {Reduced SARS-CoV-2 infection levels and pathotype specific altered antiviral transcriptional response in IBD intestinal organoids},<br \/>\r\nauthor = {Barbara Jelusic and Stefan Boerno and Patrick Schimmel and Philipp Wurm and Nicole Przysiecki and Christina Watschinger and Stella Wolfgruber and Melina Hardt and Margit Anthofer and Sandra Ehmann and Sven Klages and Kurt Zatloukal and Bernd Timmermann and Alexander Moschen and Gregor Gorkiewicz},<br \/>\r\nurl = {https:\/\/www.researchsquare.com\/article\/rs-8029502\/v1},<br \/>\r\ndoi = {10.21203\/rs.3.rs-8029502\/v1},<br \/>\r\nyear  = {2025},<br \/>\r\ndate = {2025-11-26},<br \/>\r\nurldate = {2025-11-26},<br \/>\r\npublisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},<br \/>\r\nabstract = {&lt;title&gt;Abstract&lt;\/title&gt;<br \/>\r\n                &lt;p&gt;<br \/>\r\n                  Background<br \/>\r\nIBD is characterized by altered immune reactions and infections are thought to trigger chronic inflammation in IBD. The gut represents a productive reservoir for SARS-CoV-2 and the aforementioned factors together with immunosuppression used to treat IBD are likely influencing the outcomes of IBD patients with COVID-19.<br \/>\r\nMethods<br \/>\r\nWe used large and small intestinal organoids from ulcerative colitis and Crohn&#039;s disease patients and controls to comparatively assess infection levels and transcriptional response of the gut epithelium during SARS-CoV-2 infection.<br \/>\r\nResults<br \/>\r\nOur analysis showed that IBD epithelia exhibit reduced viral loads compared to controls associated with a reduced expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry factors including the host receptor ACE2. Moreover, several genes implicated in the epithelial response to viral infection are intrinsically altered in IBD potentially counteracting viral propagation. Notably, differences between IBD phenotypes exist wherein ulcerative colitis represents with induced cell death pathways and increased<br \/>\r\n                  &lt;italic&gt;IL1B&lt;\/italic&gt;<br \/>\r\n                  expression despite lower viral loads suggestive of increased epithelial stress.<br \/>\r\nConclusions<br \/>\r\nAltogether our analysis shows that the IBD epithelium is not more prone to SARS-CoV-2 infection and that several antiviral response genes are intrinsically activated in IBD. Moreover, ulcerative colitis and Crohn&#039;s disease exhibit specific transcriptional differences which might explain the differing COVID-19 outcomes between IBD phenotypes.<br \/>\r\n                &lt;\/p&gt;},<br \/>\r\nhowpublished = {Research Square},<br \/>\r\nkeywords = {},<br \/>\r\npubstate = {published},<br \/>\r\ntppubtype = {unpublished}<br \/>\r\n}<br \/>\r\n<\/pre><\/div><p class=\"tp_close_menu\"><a class=\"tp_close\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2626','tp_bibtex')\">Close<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tp_abstract\" id=\"tp_abstract_2626\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"tp_abstract_entry\">&lt;title&gt;Abstract&lt;\/title&gt;<br \/>\r\n                &lt;p&gt;<br \/>\r\n                  Background<br \/>\r\nIBD is characterized by altered immune reactions and infections are thought to trigger chronic inflammation in IBD. The gut represents a productive reservoir for SARS-CoV-2 and the aforementioned factors together with immunosuppression used to treat IBD are likely influencing the outcomes of IBD patients with COVID-19.<br \/>\r\nMethods<br \/>\r\nWe used large and small intestinal organoids from ulcerative colitis and Crohn&#039;s disease patients and controls to comparatively assess infection levels and transcriptional response of the gut epithelium during SARS-CoV-2 infection.<br \/>\r\nResults<br \/>\r\nOur analysis showed that IBD epithelia exhibit reduced viral loads compared to controls associated with a reduced expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry factors including the host receptor ACE2. Moreover, several genes implicated in the epithelial response to viral infection are intrinsically altered in IBD potentially counteracting viral propagation. Notably, differences between IBD phenotypes exist wherein ulcerative colitis represents with induced cell death pathways and increased<br \/>\r\n                  &lt;italic&gt;IL1B&lt;\/italic&gt;<br \/>\r\n                  expression despite lower viral loads suggestive of increased epithelial stress.<br \/>\r\nConclusions<br \/>\r\nAltogether our analysis shows that the IBD epithelium is not more prone to SARS-CoV-2 infection and that several antiviral response genes are intrinsically activated in IBD. Moreover, ulcerative colitis and Crohn&#039;s disease exhibit specific transcriptional differences which might explain the differing COVID-19 outcomes between IBD phenotypes.<br \/>\r\n                &lt;\/p&gt;<\/div><p class=\"tp_close_menu\"><a class=\"tp_close\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2626','tp_abstract')\">Close<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tp_links\" id=\"tp_links_2626\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"tp_links_entry\"><ul class=\"tp_pub_list\"><li><i class=\"fas fa-globe\"><\/i><a class=\"tp_pub_list\" href=\"https:\/\/www.researchsquare.com\/article\/rs-8029502\/v1\" title=\"https:\/\/www.researchsquare.com\/article\/rs-8029502\/v1\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.researchsquare.com\/article\/rs-8029502\/v1<\/a><\/li><li><i class=\"ai ai-doi\"><\/i><a class=\"tp_pub_list\" href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.21203\/rs.3.rs-8029502\/v1\" title=\"Follow DOI:10.21203\/rs.3.rs-8029502\/v1\" target=\"_blank\">doi:10.21203\/rs.3.rs-8029502\/v1<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><p class=\"tp_close_menu\"><a class=\"tp_close\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2626','tp_links')\">Close<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"tp_publication tp_publication_unpublished\"><div class=\"tp_pub_info\"><p class=\"tp_pub_author\"> Wu, Yanqi;  Roller, Benjamin R. K.;  Hellerschmied, Cathrine;  Sichert, Andreas;  Gomez, Annika L.;  Bartlau, Nina;  S\u00e9neca, Joana;  Danilyan, Edo;  Wolfram, Michael;  Mu\u00dfmann, Marc;  Miettinen, Teemu P.;  Polz, Martin F.;  Manalis, Scott R.<\/p><p class=\"tp_pub_title\"><a class=\"tp_title_link\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2641','tp_links')\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">Single-cell mass accumulation reveals bacterioplankton growth rate in native seawater<\/a> <span class=\"tp_pub_type tp_  unpublished\">Unpublished<\/span> <\/p><p class=\"tp_pub_additional\"><span class=\"tp_pub_additional_howpublished\">bioRxiv, <\/span><span class=\"tp_pub_additional_year\">2025<\/span>.<\/p><p class=\"tp_pub_menu\"><span class=\"tp_abstract_link\"><a id=\"tp_abstract_sh_2641\" class=\"tp_show\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2641','tp_abstract')\" title=\"Show abstract\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">Abstract<\/a><\/span> | <span class=\"tp_resource_link\"><a id=\"tp_links_sh_2641\" class=\"tp_show\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2641','tp_links')\" title=\"Show links and resources\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">Links<\/a><\/span> | <span class=\"tp_bibtex_link\"><a id=\"tp_bibtex_sh_2641\" class=\"tp_show\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2641','tp_bibtex')\" title=\"Show BibTeX entry\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">BibTeX<\/a><\/span><\/p><div class=\"tp_bibtex\" id=\"tp_bibtex_2641\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"tp_bibtex_entry\"><pre>@unpublished{Wu2025,<br \/>\r\ntitle = {Single-cell mass accumulation reveals bacterioplankton growth rate in native seawater},<br \/>\r\nauthor = {Yanqi Wu and Benjamin R.K. Roller and Cathrine Hellerschmied and Andreas Sichert and Annika L. Gomez and Nina Bartlau and Joana S\u00e9neca and Edo Danilyan and Michael Wolfram and Marc Mu\u00dfmann and Teemu P. Miettinen and Martin F. Polz and Scott R. Manalis},<br \/>\r\nurl = {http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1101\/2025.08.08.669205},<br \/>\r\ndoi = {10.1101\/2025.08.08.669205},<br \/>\r\nyear  = {2025},<br \/>\r\ndate = {2025-08-08},<br \/>\r\nurldate = {2025-08-08},<br \/>\r\npublisher = {openRxiv},<br \/>\r\nabstract = {&lt;jats:title&gt;<br \/>\r\n                  A<br \/>\r\n                  &lt;jats:sc&gt;bstract&lt;\/jats:sc&gt;<br \/>\r\n                &lt;\/jats:title&gt;<br \/>\r\n                &lt;jats:p&gt;<br \/>\r\n                  The growth of marine microbial communities drives biogeochemical cycling of carbon and other elements, yet the growth rates of individual species within complex ocean ecosystems remain poorly understood. In particular, the coexistence of a large diversity of copiotrophic bacteria, which are capable of fast growth but typically remain at low abundance, has been interpreted as a feast or famine existence. Here we show that contrary to the notion of infrequent growth,<br \/>\r\n                  &lt;jats:italic&gt;Vibrio&lt;\/jats:italic&gt;<br \/>\r\n                  bacteria exhibited consistent growth rates in coastal ocean samples, despite representing only a small fraction of the total community. These observations were enabled by a suspended microchannel resonator (SMR), which we adapted to function as a single-cell chemostat. By maintaining a continuous supply of native seawater around each trapped cell, we prevented nutrient depletion and used the SMR\u2019s high mass precision to resolve growth rates that are otherwise undetectable.<br \/>\r\n                  &lt;jats:italic&gt;Vibrio&lt;\/jats:italic&gt;<br \/>\r\n                  species displayed significantly larger cell mass and faster growth than other community members across samples collected at different temporal intervals from days to years. Surprisingly, their growth was consistently limited by carbon, contrary to the expectation that heterotrophic bacteria in the euphotic zone would be limited by nitrogen and phosphorus due to competition with algae. The correlation between cell mass and growth rate of<br \/>\r\n                  &lt;jats:italic&gt;Vibrionaceae&lt;\/jats:italic&gt;<br \/>\r\n                  in seawater followed established growth laws derived from laboratory conditions, suggesting that growth physiology observed in pure cultures is applicable to wild bacterial populations. Overall, our findings suggest that rare species may play a disproportionately large role in the marine carbon cycle, with rapid biomass turnover driven by a combination of high growth rates balanced by intense predation.<br \/>\r\n                &lt;\/jats:p&gt;},<br \/>\r\nhowpublished = {bioRxiv},<br \/>\r\nkeywords = {},<br \/>\r\npubstate = {published},<br \/>\r\ntppubtype = {unpublished}<br \/>\r\n}<br \/>\r\n<\/pre><\/div><p class=\"tp_close_menu\"><a class=\"tp_close\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2641','tp_bibtex')\">Close<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tp_abstract\" id=\"tp_abstract_2641\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"tp_abstract_entry\">&lt;jats:title&gt;<br \/>\r\n                  A<br \/>\r\n                  &lt;jats:sc&gt;bstract&lt;\/jats:sc&gt;<br \/>\r\n                &lt;\/jats:title&gt;<br \/>\r\n                &lt;jats:p&gt;<br \/>\r\n                  The growth of marine microbial communities drives biogeochemical cycling of carbon and other elements, yet the growth rates of individual species within complex ocean ecosystems remain poorly understood. In particular, the coexistence of a large diversity of copiotrophic bacteria, which are capable of fast growth but typically remain at low abundance, has been interpreted as a feast or famine existence. Here we show that contrary to the notion of infrequent growth,<br \/>\r\n                  &lt;jats:italic&gt;Vibrio&lt;\/jats:italic&gt;<br \/>\r\n                  bacteria exhibited consistent growth rates in coastal ocean samples, despite representing only a small fraction of the total community. These observations were enabled by a suspended microchannel resonator (SMR), which we adapted to function as a single-cell chemostat. By maintaining a continuous supply of native seawater around each trapped cell, we prevented nutrient depletion and used the SMR\u2019s high mass precision to resolve growth rates that are otherwise undetectable.<br \/>\r\n                  &lt;jats:italic&gt;Vibrio&lt;\/jats:italic&gt;<br \/>\r\n                  species displayed significantly larger cell mass and faster growth than other community members across samples collected at different temporal intervals from days to years. Surprisingly, their growth was consistently limited by carbon, contrary to the expectation that heterotrophic bacteria in the euphotic zone would be limited by nitrogen and phosphorus due to competition with algae. The correlation between cell mass and growth rate of<br \/>\r\n                  &lt;jats:italic&gt;Vibrionaceae&lt;\/jats:italic&gt;<br \/>\r\n                  in seawater followed established growth laws derived from laboratory conditions, suggesting that growth physiology observed in pure cultures is applicable to wild bacterial populations. Overall, our findings suggest that rare species may play a disproportionately large role in the marine carbon cycle, with rapid biomass turnover driven by a combination of high growth rates balanced by intense predation.<br \/>\r\n                &lt;\/jats:p&gt;<\/div><p class=\"tp_close_menu\"><a class=\"tp_close\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2641','tp_abstract')\">Close<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tp_links\" id=\"tp_links_2641\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"tp_links_entry\"><ul class=\"tp_pub_list\"><li><i class=\"fas fa-globe\"><\/i><a class=\"tp_pub_list\" href=\"http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1101\/2025.08.08.669205\" title=\"http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1101\/2025.08.08.669205\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1101\/2025.08.08.669205<\/a><\/li><li><i class=\"ai ai-doi\"><\/i><a class=\"tp_pub_list\" href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1101\/2025.08.08.669205\" title=\"Follow DOI:10.1101\/2025.08.08.669205\" target=\"_blank\">doi:10.1101\/2025.08.08.669205<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><p class=\"tp_close_menu\"><a class=\"tp_close\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('2641','tp_links')\">Close<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-group module-social bg-custom-purple-100 py-5 md:py-12 is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group flex justify-between items-center is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"text-white text-lg md:text-2xl has-beuys-font-family has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Find us on social media<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group flex items-center gap-7 md:gap-14 is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group w-5 md:w-10 is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full w-full object-contain\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=61556523591267\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.microplanet.at\/wp-content\/themes\/microplanet\/assets\/icons\/mp_socialmedia_1.png\" alt=\"Facebook\" class=\"wp-image-132\" title=\"Facebook\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group w-5 md:w-10 is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full w-full object-contain\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.threads.net\/@microbesplanet\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/www.microplanet.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/threads-white-icon.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-914\" title=\"Facebook\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.microplanet.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/threads-white-icon.png 512w, https:\/\/www.microplanet.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/threads-white-icon-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.microplanet.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/threads-white-icon-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group w-5 md:w-10 is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full w-full object-contain\"><a href=\"https:\/\/bsky.app\/profile\/microbesplanet.bsky.social\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"535\" src=\"https:\/\/www.microplanet.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Bluesky_butterfly-logo_white.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-915\" title=\"Facebook\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.microplanet.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Bluesky_butterfly-logo_white.png 600w, https:\/\/www.microplanet.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Bluesky_butterfly-logo_white-300x268.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group w-5 md:w-10 is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full w-full object-contain\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/microbesplanet\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.microplanet.at\/wp-content\/themes\/microplanet\/assets\/icons\/mp_socialmedia_2.png\" alt=\"Instagram\" class=\"wp-image-133\" title=\"Facebook\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group w-5 md:w-10 is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full w-full object-contain\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/cluster-of-excellence-microplanet\/?viewAsMember=true\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.microplanet.at\/wp-content\/themes\/microplanet\/assets\/icons\/mp_socialmedia_4.png\" alt=\"LinkedIn\" class=\"wp-image-135\" title=\"Facebook\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Preprints of key researchers of our CoE &#8211; 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